In a message dated 11/20/99 1:00:29 AM Eastern Standard Time, PDavis@ix.netcom.com writes: << "migrate" south, rather it's just a dispersal. According to the AOU Checklist, they mostly winter in their breeding range but do disburse, irregularly, south of the breeding range as far as southern California, east-central Texas, the northern Gulf states, and west-central Florida. >> How many miles does it take for a disbursal to become a migration & what's the difference? Thanks for any enlightenment, Gail Frantz Reisterstown, Md